Recombinant Human Desert Hedgehog
Desert Hedgehog (Dhh) belongs to the highly conserved Hedgehog family of proteins which are involved in multiple developmental processes. Desert Hedgehog is a secreted, 45 kDa, 373 amino acid (aa) protein that undergoes autocatalytic cleavage between Gly198 and Cys199 catalyzed by the C-terminal domain, which releases the N-terminal domain with a concominant attachment of cholesterol at its new C-terminus. In addition to the C-terminally attached cholesterol, a fatty acid acyl chain is esterified to the N-terminal cysteine (aa 23) via an amide linkage. The 19 kDa N-terminal signaling domain is membrane associated due to its double lipid modifications. Its binding to Patched receptors results in the loss of Patched repression of Smoothened signaling [1-4]. Dhh binds both Patched and Patched 2 as well as Hedgehog interacting protein (Hip) [5]. Within the N-terminal domain human Dhh shares 97% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat Dhh. It shares approximately 75% aa seqeuence identity with human Indian (Ihh) and Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) [5]. Dhh is produced by Sertoli cells and is required for testis development and spermatogenesis [6, 7]. It induces steroidogenic factor 1, which is instrumental in promoting Leydig cell differentiation [8, 9]. It also promotes the deposition of basal lamina surrounding seminiferous tubules [6]. Mutations of Dhh are linked to complete pure gonadal dysgenesis [10]. Dhh is expressed in the female by ovarian granulosa cells and the corporus luteum [11]. Its upregulation in ovarian cancer correlates positively with proliferative index, and negatively with prognosis [12].
Reference
[1]. van den Brink, G.R. (2007) Physiol. Rev. 87:1343.
[2]. Riobo, N.A. and D.R. Manning (2007) Biochem. J. 403:369.
[3]. Porter, J.A. et al. (1995) Nature 374:363.
[4]. Carpenter, D. et al. (1998) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 95:13630.
[5]. Pathi, S. et al. (2001) Mech. Dev. 106:107.
[6]. Pierucci-Alves, F. et al. (2001) Biol. Reprod. 65:1392.
[7]. Bitgood, M.J. et al. (1996) Curr. Biol. 6:298.
[8]. Yao, H.H-C. et al. (2002) Genes Dev. 16:1433.
[9]. Park, S.Y. et al. (2007) Endocrinology 148:3704.
[10]. Canto, P. et al. (2004) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 89:4480.
[11]. Russell, M.C. et al. (2007) Biol. Reprod. 77:226.
[12]. Chen, X. et al. (2007) Cancer Sci. 98:68.
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Accession # |
O43323 |
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Alternate Names |
DHH; desert hedgehog protein; Desert Hedgehog; DHH; HHG-3MGC35145 |
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Source |
Human embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived human Desert Hedgehog/Dhh protein |
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Protein sequence |
Cys23-Gly198 (Cys23Ile-Ile), with and without an N-terminal Met |
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M.Wt |
19.8 kDa |
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Appearance |
Solution protein. |
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Stability & Storage |
Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. It is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage. 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied. |
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Concentration |
0. 2 mg/mL |
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Formulation |
Dissolved in sterile PBS buffer. |
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Reconstitution |
We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. This solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. |
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Biological Activity |
Measured by its ability to induce alkaline phosphatase production by C3H10T1/2 mouse embryonic fibroblast cells. The EC50 for this effect is 1-15 ug/mL. |
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Shipping Condition |
Shipping with dry ice. |
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Handling |
Centrifuge the vial prior to opening. |
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Usage |
For Research Use Only! Not to be used in humans. |
Quality Control & DataSheet
- View current batch:
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Purity > 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE.
- Datasheet
Endotoxin: <0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method.