Recombinant Mouse TNF-alpha, Tag Free
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha ), also known as cachectin and TNFSF2, is the prototypic ligand of the TNF superfamily. It is a pleiotropic molecule that plays a central role in inflammation, immune system development, apoptosis, and lipid metabolism [1, 2]. Mouse TNF-alpha consisits of a 35 amino acid (aa) cytoplasmic domain, a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 179 aa extracellular domain (ECD) [3]. Within the ECD, mouse TNF-alpha shares 94% aa sequence identity with rat and 70%-77% with bovine, canine, cotton rat, equine, feline, human, porcine, rat, and rhesus TNF-alpha. TNF -alpha is produced by a wide variety of immune, epithelial, endothelial, and tumor cells [1, 2]. TNF-alpha is assembled intracellularly to form a noncovalently linked homotrimer which is expressed on the cell surface [4]. Cell surface TNF-alpha can induce the lysis of neighboring tumor cells and virus infected cells, and it can generate its own downstream cell signaling following ligation by soluble TNFR I [2, 5]. Shedding of membrane bound TNF-alpha by TACE/ ADAM17 releases the bioactive cytokine, a 55 kDa soluble trimer of the TNF-alpha extracellular domain [6-8]. TNF-alpha binds the ubiquitous 55-60 kDa TNF RI [9, 10] and the hematopoietic cell-restricted 80 kDa TNF RII [11, 12], both of which are also expressed as homotrimers [1, 2, 13].
Reference
[1]. Zelova, H. and J. Hosek (2013) Inflamm. Res. 62:641.
[2]. Juhasz, K. et al. (2013) Expert Rev. Clin. Immunol. 9:335.
[3]. Fransen, L. et al. (1985) Nucleic Acids Res. 13:4417.
[4]. Tang, P. et al. (1996) Biochemistry 35:8216.
[5]. Perez, C. et al. (1990) Cell 63:251.
[6]. Black, R.A. et al. (1997) Nature 385:729.
[7]. Moss, M.L. et al. (1997) Nature 385:733.
[8]. Gearing, A.J.H. et al. (1994) Nature 370:555.
[9]. Schall, T.J. et al. (1990) Cell 61:361.
[10]. Loetscher, H. et al. (1990) Cell 61:351.
[11]. Dembic, Z. et al. (1990) Cytokine 2:231.
[12]. Smith, C.A. et al. (1990) Science 248:1019.
[13]. Loetscher, H. et al. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266:18324.
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Accession # |
P06804 |
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Alternate Names |
APC1 protein; Cachectin; Cachetin; DIF; TNF; TNF, monocyte-derived; TNFA; TNF-A; TNFalpha |
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Source |
Human embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived mouse TNF-alpha protein |
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Protein sequence |
Leu80-Leu235 |
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M.Wt |
17 kDa |
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Appearance |
Solution protein |
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Stability & Storage |
Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. - 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70°C as supplied. |
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Concentration |
0. 2 mg/mL |
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Formulation |
Dissolved in sterile PBS buffer. |
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Reconstitution |
We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. This solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. |
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Biological Activity |
The EC50 for this effect is 5-20 pg/mL. Measured in a cytotoxicity assay using L-929 mouse fibroblast cells in the presence of the metabolic inhibitor actinomycin D. Matthews, N. and M.L. Neale (1987) in Lymphokines and Interferons, A Practical Approach. |
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Shipping Condition |
Shipping with dry ice. |
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Handling |
Centrifuge the vial prior to opening. |
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Usage |
For Research Use Only! Not to be used in humans. |
Quality Control & DataSheet
- View current batch:
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Purity > 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE.
- Datasheet
Endotoxin: <0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method.